Mexico Weather, climate and geography
Weather & climate
Mexico has a varied climate due to its size and geography, but broadly experiences a dry season and a wet season. Conditions can differ significantly between coastal areas, highland regions and deserts.
Dry season (November to April)
This is generally considered the best time to visit most parts of Mexico. The weather is typically warm and dry, with temperatures ranging from 20–30°C (68–86°F) in many regions. Coastal areas such as Cancún and Puerto Vallarta are particularly pleasant, while central highland cities such as Mexico City experience mild daytime temperatures.
Wet season (May to October)
The wet season brings higher temperatures and increased humidity, particularly along the coasts. Daytime temperatures often range from 25–35°C (77–95°F), with afternoon or evening rain showers common. Rainfall is usually short but can be heavy.
Hurricane season (June to November)
Coastal areas along the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico may be affected by tropical storms or hurricanes during this period. Travellers should monitor weather forecasts and follow local advice when visiting these regions.
Highland regions, including Mexico City, tend to be cooler year-round due to elevation, with temperatures often ranging from 15–25°C (59–77°F). Northern desert areas can experience very hot summers and cooler winters, with significant temperature variations between day and night.
Clothing in Mexico should be chosen according to the season and the region being visited. Lightweight, breathable fabrics such as cotton and linen are suitable for most of the country, particularly in coastal areas and during the warmer months. Sun protection is important, so a hat, sunglasses and sunscreen are recommended.
During the dry season, light clothing is generally sufficient, though evenings can be cooler in highland areas such as Mexico City, San Miguel de Allende and Oaxaca, where a light jacket or sweater is useful. In the wet season, a light waterproof jacket or umbrella is advisable, especially in tropical and coastal regions where heavy showers can occur.
In northern desert areas, temperatures can be very high during the day but drop sharply at night, so layered clothing is practical. Highland and mountainous regions are cooler year-round and may require warmer layers, particularly in the evenings and early mornings.
For visits to churches, religious sites and rural communities, modest clothing is advisable. If travelling to jungle areas or places where mosquitoes are common, long sleeves and trousers can also be useful for protection.
Geography
Mexico is located in North America, bordered by the United States to the north, Belize and Guatemala to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west and south, and the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea to the east. Its strategic position connects North and Central America, contributing to its cultural and ecological diversity.
The country's landscapes are highly varied, ranging from deserts in the north to tropical rainforests in the south. The Sierra Madre mountain ranges run through much of Mexico, while the central plateau is home to major cities, including Mexico City and Guadalajara. Coastal plains and lowlands extend along both the Pacific and Gulf coasts.
Mexico's highest peak is Pico de Orizaba, an inactive volcano rising to 5,636m (18,491 ft), while its lowest points lie at sea level along its extensive coastlines. The country is also home to numerous rivers, lakes and cenotes, particularly in the Yucatán Peninsula, where underground water systems form part of a unique karst landscape.
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